Ruthenium chloride hydrate

Ruthenium chloride hydrate powder is usually grey or dark brown to black, contains three crystalline waters, molecular weight 261.47, easily deliquesced in air, soluble in water, alcohol, acetone and ethyl acetate, etc. It has a wide range of applications in multiphase catalysis, homogeneous catalysis, electrode coating material preparation and as an important raw material for the preparation of other organoruthenium compounds. It is widely used in multiphase catalysis, homogeneous catalysis, electrode coating material preparation and as an important raw material for other organic ruthenium compounds.

Properties

Chemical formula: RuCl3-3H2O

Appearance: Usually a brownish-black or grey powdered solid, but the colour may vary slightly depending on the method of preparation and purity.

Solubility: Soluble in water, alcohols, acetone and ethyl acetate and other polar solvents. Decomposes readily in hot water.

Moisture resistance: strong moisture absorption, easily absorbed in the air and deliquesced, so need to be stored in sealed and dry conditions.

Melting point: high melting point, generally higher than 300°C.

Reactivity: chemically active, it is an important starting material for the preparation of many ruthenium compounds. For example, it reacts easily with organic compounds such as phosphines and alkenes.

Catalytic properties: Ruthenium chloride hydrate, as an important catalyst or catalyst precursor, can be used in a variety of chemical reactions, e.g. catalysing the reduction of Fe³⁺ with H₂O and the hydration of acetylene.

Coordination ability: Ruthenium ions have a strong coordination ability and can form complexes with a wide range of ligands, which have potential applications in materials science, biomedicine and other fields.

Applications

Catalyst field:

Organic synthesis reactions: Ruthenium chloride hydrate exhibits unique catalytic properties in multiphase or homogeneous catalytic reactions and can be used in chlorination, oxidation, cyclisation and hydrolysis reactions. For example, RuCl₃・3H₂O can be used as a catalyst to accelerate the reaction and improve the selectivity and yield in the synthesis of some drug intermediates and the production of fine chemicals.

Olefin complex decomposition reaction: It is an important catalyst or catalyst precursor in olefin complex decomposition reaction, which is used to construct carbon-carbon double bond in organic synthesis, and is of great significance for the synthesis of complex organic molecules.

Catalytic hydrogenation: Ruthenium chloride hydrate can catalyse the hydrogenation of some unsaturated compounds, converting unsaturated bonds into saturated bonds, which is widely used in fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals, for example, in the synthesis of certain specific drug molecules or fragrances.

Electrode coating materials: are used as electrode coating materials in the active coating of metal anodes in electrolysis cells in the chlor-alkali industry. This coating improves the electrical conductivity, corrosion resistance and catalytic activity of the electrodes, reduces the energy consumption in the electrolysis process and extends the service life of the electrodes.

Preparation of other ruthenium compounds: Ruthenium chloride hydrate is an important raw material for the preparation of other organoruthenium compounds, e.g. for the synthesis of triruthenium dodecacarbonyl. These organoruthenium compounds have a wide range of applications in homogeneous catalysis and materials science.

Biomedical field: Ruthenium chloride hydrate has certain application prospects in the field of biomedicine. For example, they can be used to prepare ruthenium complexes with anti-tumour activity, which may inhibit the growth of tumour cells through interaction with biomolecules.

Materials science: It plays an important role in the preparation of some special materials, such as for the preparation of nanomaterials and porous materials with specific functions. Through the reaction or doping with other substances, the physical and chemical properties of the materials can be changed to give them special optical, electrical, magnetic and other properties.